Fake news, populisms and environmental hazards by the Anthropocene radiate in recent years bewildering crises. What other questions should be asked to address the confusion and concerns that open to us? What new approaches are being tested in the social sciences to meet the challenges we face? Where to look for more accurate definitions and alternatives? This book explores the evolution of indigenous demands in Latin America as diagnostic areas that indicate failures in living together, and suggest questions and ways to rethink the times we have to live. More than normative answers, it is interesting to identify some conditions of possibility to imagine scenarios that allow us to live as equals in and against a world of multiple inequalities.